The proper selection and use of experimental instrumentation. Instrument for simultaneous measurement of density and viscosity abstract the speed of torsional stress waves transmitted in solid waveguides submerged in a liquid depends, among other things, on the liquids density and viscosity and the. I physical methods, instruments and measurements yu. These advances have been especially remarkable in the latest generation of devices for measuring viscosity and yield stress. This technique has been used to estimate the relative significance of electrostatic and ionicwind effects in model studies on electrostatic precipitators 18. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids taylor.
There is a tendency to make flow measurement a highly theoretical and technical subject but what most influences quality measurement is the practical application of meters, metering principles, and metering equipment and the use of quality equipment that can continue to function through the years with proper maintenance have the most influence in obtaining. Fluid flow measurement flow measurement has a history of about 3000 years. Flow measurement and instrumentation journal elsevier. The measurements at different pressures, temperatures, magnetic fields, and the.
Inline ultrasonic device for flow and rheology measurements of complex fluids robert l. The measurement of water flow rate is an important topic in the study of fluid dynamics. Request pdf instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids mechanical engineers involved with flow mechanics have long needed an. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids, 2nd. Capacitive level sensors measure the change in capacitance between two plates produced by changes in level. Scales and tapes for the measurement of length are readily available in a variety of forms. Technical personnel from mechanical, instrumentation, chemical, petroleum or electrical engineering with a background of industrial instrumentation and control in fluid flow measurement and related field. In ase369k we will use both an instrument type oscilloscope tektronix 2211 and a virtual oscilloscope, which is based on the labview softw are package.
Raman spectroscopy, on the other hand, is a vibrational spectroscopic technique that can. Fluid dynamics, measurement techniques, experimental. It has been studied only in the last 200 years and in the last 30 years all the new techniques have evolved. The design of flow measurement systems involves a wide variety. Fluid flow instrumentation in the physical world, mechanical engineers are frequently required to monitor or control the flow of various fluids through pipes, ducts and assorted vessels. The electronics revolution within the instrumentation industry has continued at an extraordinary pace, as can be seen with the many recent improvements in display technology and smart operating features. Measurement of pressure distribution from piv experiments. Compressibility effect on large structures in free shear flows m. Timeofflight tof measurements are used by current liquidlevel measurement.
The springer handbook of experimental fluid mechanics has been prepared for physicists and engineers in research and development in universities. Flow measurement and instrumentation rg journal impact. This requires an extra effort on your part to read the relevant sections of the textbook, as well. Simultaneous rheology and raman spectroscopy during the. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments i fluids, second edition is primarily focused on essentials required for experimentation in fluids, explaining basic principles, and addressing the tools and methods needed for advanced experimentation. Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the library of congress catalog. Physics lab2 physics 2048 lab report lab 2 measurements.
Presenting a mathematical basis for obtaining valid data, and basic concepts inmeasurement and instrumentation. A type of linear measurement peculiar to the fluids laboratory is the measurement of surface level. Basic approaches to integrating experiments in fluid mechanics with cfd. Pdf this handbook consolidates authoritative and stateoftheart. Flow measurement and instrumentation is essential reading for instrumentation engineers in the oil, gas, power, chemical, food, water and waste treatment industries, manufacturers of flowmeters, and academics involved in research in this area. This fluid can range from thick oils to light gasses. The timeresolved velocity vectors previously determined for a single 3. For a single instrument measuring some variable, the bias errors. The experiment is designed to study uniform water flow over a range of flow rates. This handbook consolidates authoritative and stateoftheart information from the large number of disciplines used in experimental fluid mechanics into a. Instrumentation, control and automation are terms from the. Experimental and numerical investigation of boiling flow in a.
Pdf quantitative velocity field measurements in reduced. The cell face pseudo velocity required in the pressure equation is approximated by a simple linear average of the adjacent nodal pseudo. Control measurement major process variables flow pressure temperature level flow measurement dp type rotameter magnetic vortex ultrasonic mass flow introduction measuring fluid flow is one of the most important aspects of process control. It also provides insight into the vital topics and issues associated with. It also provides insight into the vital topics and issues associated with the devices and. Principles and basic laboratory experiments mechanical engineering tse, francis s. In this primer on fluid flow instrumentation we will look at a wide variety of flow transducers and their application in the physical world. Research center, the ohio state university, columbus, oh 43235, usa. Table of contents for instrumentation, measurements, and. Usually these measurements are associated with freesurface or stationary flows. Lab experiments demonstration calibration of industrial flow meters as per relevant standards in 1 gas 2 liquid target group.
Flow measurement and instrumentation is dedicated to disseminating the latest research results on all aspects of flow measurement, in both closed conduits and open channels. The purpose of this report is to discuss an experiment on measurements. Powell, nihan dogan department of chemical engineering and materials science, university of california, davis, california. There is a tendency to make flow measurement a highly theoretical and technical subject but what most influences quality measurement is the practical application of meters, metering principles, and metering equipment and the use of quality equipment that can continue to function through the years with proper maintenance have the most influence in obtaining quality measurement.
Weislogel abstract mathematical theory predicts that small changes in container shape or in contact angle can give rise to large shifts of liquid in a microgravity environment. There are many instruments used in flow measurements such as. It is an introductory course where flow behaviour, fluid forces and analysis tools are introduced. Within fluids, field measurements may be made by observing the motion of charged particles of known size and charge whose movement relative to the fluid is constrained by viscous drag. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids, second edition is primarily focused on essentials required for experimentation in fluids. The procedure for making measurements is controlled by the knobs in the cursor section. Approaches to the application of magnetic fluids in. Topological considerations in fluid mechanics measurements. Wind tunnel instrumentation showing load cells on the testing floor. Because of the nature of the course and laboratory facilities, you may be required to perform some experiments not yet covered in the classroom. The design of flow measurement systems involves a wide variety of multidisciplinary activities including modelling. Your oscilloscope has, in general, four major sections, which control the operation of the instrument. It also provides insight into the vital topics and issues associated with the devices and instruments used for fluid mechanics and. Advancements in instrumentation for viscosity measurements.
Preprint for experiments in fluids, 28 2000, 197205 measurement of critical contact angle in a microgravity space experiment p. In this study, a nonstaggered grid simpler pressure solution algorithm, which is able to produce correct pressure distribution directly if correct velocities are given, is proposed to solve the pressure distribution for piv experiments. It comprises four parts covering experiments in fluid mechanics, measurement of primary quantities, specific experimental environments and techniques, and analyses and postprocessing of data. Principles and basic laboratory experiments crc press book presenting a mathematical basis for obtaining valid data, and basic concepts inmeasurement and instrumentation, this authoritative text is ideal for a onesemesterconcurrent or independent lecturelaboratory course. Pressure drop devices based on bernoulli principle a venturi b orifice plate c pitot tube 2. Ae3051 experimental fluid dynamics measurements in unsteady combustion objective this laboratory introduces the measurement of nonrandomly fluctuating properties and acoustic oscillations.
Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids. Ae3051 experimental fluid dynamics measurements in unsteady. Instrumentation measurements and experiments in fluids free download as pdf file. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids, second edition ethirajan rathakrishnan on. Magnetic fluids consist of colloidal ferromagnetic nanoparticles, a particle surfactant and carrier liquid. Systems such as the heat exchanger, turbine, heat pump, air conditioner, and experimental test section of a wind tunnel are a few examples. Instrument for simultaneous measurement of density and viscosity abstract the speed of torsional stress waves transmitted in solid waveguides submerged in a liquid depends, among other things, on the liquids density and viscosity and the waveguides crosssectional geometry.
In addition, this experiment involves measurements in a reacting flow produced in a rijke tube, pulse combustor. Measurement in fluid mechanics also features extensive background materials in system response, measurement uncertainty, signal analysis, optics. This laboratory manual is intended to guide you through several experiments in the hydraulic engineering. This lab is run in conjunction with the theory course me 231 fluid mechanics. Pdf springer handbook of experimental fluid mechanics.
The experiment determines density and kinematic viscosity of a fluid by equating. Fluid flow measurements introduction the flow of fluid through a network of pipes has many engineering applications. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids e. Instrument for simultaneous measurement of density and viscosity. Compressibility effects on large structures in free shear. The purpose of the experiment was to show how the use of different measuring tools can affect the precision of the data. Methods of fluid level measurement in industrial processes. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids meets. Woods hole oceanographic institution woods hole, ma 02543 may 2006 technical report funding was provided by the national science foundation under contract nos. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids, second edition is primarily focused on essentials required for experimentation in fluids, explaining basic principles, and addressing the tools and methods needed for advanced experimentation. Instrumentation measurements and experiments in fluids. Experlmental facility and instrumentation the experiments were conducted at the ohio state uni. Ae3051 experimental fluid dynamics measurements in.
This paper shows the approach of applications of magnetic liquids in electromechanical drive systems. Table of contents for instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids author, e. Introduction measuring fluid flow is one of the most important aspects of process control. Belarusian national technical university, instrumentation engineering faculty, pros. Water flow measuring apparatus is designed as a freestanding apparatus for use on the hydraulics bench, although it could be used in conjunction with a low pressure water supply controlled by a valve and a. It is important to state immediately that experiments, and their degree of complexity, vary widely depending on their purpose. While some techniques work better with some groups of. Springer handbook of experimental fluid mechanics springerlink. Rheological measurements are commonly used to examine or induce bulk physical material changes, such as melting, crystallization, gelation, and or polymerization etc. Instrumentation measurements and experiments in fluids pdf. Instrumentation measurements and experiments in fluids fluid.
Level and flow measurement and control can be tested together within fluid controlled. Because temperature measurements via thermocouples are. Instrumentation, measurements, and experiments in fluids request. Instrumentation for electrostatic measurements sciencedirect. Physical methods, instruments and measurements vol. Two versions are available, one for fluids with high dielectric constants a and another for those with low dielectric constants b. Examples of these instruments are described in this chapter for. A type of linear measurement peculiar to the fluids laboratory is the measurement of surface level in an open channel. The experiments are done for five different values of the attack angle, which are 0, 5, 12, 20, and 25 degrees as well three magnitude for the jet flow velocity, including 0, 19. Accordingly, the fluid flow diagnostics are classified as measurement of. Instrument for simultaneous measurement of density and. In this experiment, the experimenters used the linear ruler, vernier caliper, micrometer, and the triple beam balance. Summary of level measurement techniques availability readout range of heat deposition continuous level measurement capacitive gauge prototype frequency less than 1mw superconducting wire commercial voltage tens of mws.